Everything about Hirayama Families totally explained
A
Hirayama family of
asteroids is a group of
minor planets that share similar
orbital elements, such as
semimajor axis,
eccentricity, and orbital
inclination. The members of the families are thought to be fragments of past asteroid collisions.
Strictly speaking, families and their membership are identified by analysing the so-called
proper orbital elements rather than the current
osculating orbital elements, which regularly fluctuate on timescales of tens of thousands of years. The
proper elements are related constants of motion that are thought to remain almost constant for times of at least tens of millions of years.
The
Japanese
astronomer Kiyotsugu Hirayama (
1874-
1943) pioneered the estimation of proper elements for asteroids, and first identified several of the most prominent families in
1918 (External Link
).
Kiyotsugu Hirayama initially identified the
Koronis,
Eos, and
Themis families, and later recognized also the
Flora and
Maria families.
A list of the recognized families can be found
here.
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